Methyldopa

Uses of Methyldopa

Methyldopa is primarily prescribed to manage hypertension (high blood pressure) and is available in oral tablet form. This medication works by reducing blood pressure levels, thus lowering the risk of strokes and heart attacks.

Precautions and Warnings

• Liver Disease Warning: Methyldopa carries significant liver risks, which can be severe or even fatal. It is important to avoid this medication if you have liver diseases such as acute hepatitis or active cirrhosis.
• Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) Warning: Do not take methyldopa if you are currently using MAOIs, including drugs like isocarboxazid, phenelzine, linezolid, or tranylcypromine.
• Blood Disorder Warning: Methyldopa has been linked to hemolytic anemia, a dangerous blood disorder characterized by the destruction of red blood cells, which can be life-threatening.

Dosage

• For Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): The initial dose is typically 250 mg, taken 2–3 times daily at even intervals for the first 48 hours. The dosage can be increased if needed, with a maximum limit of 3,000 mg per day.
• For Children (0–17 years): The starting dose is 10 mg per kilogram of body weight per day, divided into 2–4 equal doses. The maximum dosage is 65 mg per kilogram or 3 grams daily, whichever is less.
• For Elderly (65+ years): Older adults may require dosage adjustments due to slower drug metabolism, necessitating a lower dose or an altered treatment schedule.

Side Effects

• Common Side Effects: These may include drowsiness, headache, weakness, dizziness, nausea, swelling of hands/feet, and weight gain.
• Serious Side Effects: Immediate medical attention is needed for serious symptoms such as heart problems (chest pain, irregular heartbeat), low red/white blood cell counts, liver issues, severe allergic reactions, skin disorders, or low platelet levels.