Rapid-acting insulin, a type of analogue insulin, can be administered intravenously or through an insulin pump and is typically taken just before or immediately after a meal.
As the name suggests, this insulin acts very quickly to reduce high blood sugar levels following eating. It is commonly used by individuals with type 1 diabetes, but it can also be prescribed for those with type 2 diabetes in certain circumstances.
Due to its fast action, there is a risk of hypoglycemia. Therefore, it is crucial to take great care when using this prescription drug.
How Does Rapid-Acting Insulin Work?
Rapid-acting insulin functions in a manner similar to natural human insulin.
It acts faster than soluble insulin, making it particularly effective around mealtimes.
This type of insulin works by replacing the insulin naturally produced by the body. Additionally, it helps regulate blood sugar levels and inhibits the liver from producing more sugar, which could otherwise be detrimental to your health.
Rapid-Acting Insulin Brands
Currently, there are three prominent brands of rapid-acting insulin:
Fiasp and NovoRapid (insulin aspart)
- Onset: 15-30 mins
- Peak: 30-90 mins
- Duration: 3-5 hours
Humalog (insulin lispro)
- Onset: 10-20 mins
- Peak: 40-50 mins
- Duration: 3-5 hours
Apidra (insulin glulisine)
- Onset: 20-30 mins
- Peak: 30-90 mins
- Duration: 1-2.5 hours
Peak Action
After injection, rapid-acting insulin begins to work within 2.5 to 20 minutes. Its effects peak between one and three hours and can last up to five hours.
Similar to the body’s natural insulin, this type of medicine responds swiftly after a meal, reducing the risk of hypoglycemia (blood sugar below 4 mmol/L). It is important to note that you should eat immediately or shortly after injecting.
Types
Here are the two primary types of rapid-acting insulin you might be familiar with if managing type 1 or type 2 diabetes:
Humalog: This insulin can be taken alongside intermediate or longer-acting insulin to effectively manage your blood sugar levels.
Novorapid: This insulin can be combined with longer-lasting types of insulin to help maintain average blood sugar levels throughout the day.